Roof Waterproofing Basics
Roof surfaces face heavy weather shifts and thermal movement, making proper waterproofing essential for long-term performance. Start with a thorough roof survey to identify cracks, blisters, and flashing failures that could advance to interior leaks. Choose a membrane system that suits the roof type, climate, and load demands, such as reinforced bituminous sheets or EPDM membranes.
Surface preparation is critical: clean, dry, and repair all irregularities before applying primer. Install edge flashings and parapet detailing to prevent capillary wicking along joints. For flat roofs, ensure adequate slope and drainage to avoid standing water that can degrade membranes. Seal all penetrations with compatible sealants and incorporate wind uplift considerations.
Regular inspections after heavy rainfall help detect early failures. Clean debris from drains and ensure pilot areas stay dry. When deterioration appears, reseal joints and consider re-coating every 8 to 12 years depending on material.
Exterior Wall Care
Exterior walls act as a shield against moisture and must breathe while preventing water ingress. Use exterior coatings or membranes with good elastomeric properties to tolerate substrate movement. Ensure rainscreen or vented cavity details to reduce hydrostatic pressure on the primary barrier.
Cracks, improper sealants around windows, and failed flashing are common leak paths, so inspection focuses on these zones. Repair cracks with compatible fillers and reapply sealants, paying attention to color and compatibility. For masonry walls, consider breathable cementitious coatings that resist rainfall while allowing vapor movement. Regularly inspect expansion joints and parapets for dislodgement and moisture intrusion.
Maintenance involves periodic cleaning and repainting, typically every 8 to 12 years, depending on climate and coating. Monitor signs of dampness inside closets and basements which may indicate hidden leaks. Consider upgrading to a rainscreen system as part of retrofit strategies.
Bathroom Leak Prevention
Bathrooms are high risk for water intrusion due to fixtures, drains, and tiled surfaces. The core is a reliable waterproofing layer behind tiles, typically a sheet membrane or liquid-applied system bonded to the substrate. Ensure slopes and drainage are designed to direct water toward the drain without pooling.
During installation, lay a continuous waterproofing membrane over floors and wet walls, with proper detailing at corners and penetrations. Backer boards and cementitious backer boards should be protected by the waterproof layer to prevent moisture migration. Grout joints should be sealed and silicone around fixtures must remain flexible. Inspect shower pans and drain connections after installation to verify waterproof continuity.
Ongoing maintenance includes venting, wiping surfaces dry after use, and replacing deteriorated caulk every 5 to 7 years. Regularly check for hair and soap buildup near drains which can compromise seals. For aging apartments, consider re-waterproofing showers as part of renovation to maintain a dry interior.